King amenhotep iv biography
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Amenhotep IV (Akhnaton)
– BCE
Amenhotep IV, who later changed his name to Akhnaton, was a pharaoh of the late Eighteenth Dynasty and ruled for approximately seventeen years. Before becoming pharaoh, he studied to become a priest and often questioned the polytheistic views of his fellow Egyptians. He believed in one deity, the Aton, which is often represented by the sun disk. Akhnaton believed that the sun was the only symbol powerful enough to represent the unknowable Great Spirit – the Aton. The sun, which provides light and heat and helps plants grow, was enough evidence for him to believe in it. Amenhotep IV was very skeptical about the other deities because they did not possess strong or obvious evidence of their power like the Aton.
When his brother, Thutmose, died, Amenhotep became the heir to the throne. Once in power, he implemented his monotheistic beliefs and changed his name to Akhnaton, which means “The Effective One for the Aton.” He moved the capital cities in Memphis and Thebes to a new city in the desert – Akhetaton, which means “The Horizon of the Aton.”
The art during Akhnaton’s reign changed drastically as well, by adding intimate snapshots of family life, in addition to showing people in softer, less ag
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Akhenaten: The Mysteries of Godfearing Revolution
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Akhenaten
Akhenaten (first known as Amenhotep IV) was a pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt.[1] His reign is dated as – BC or – BC.
Akhenaten is one of Egypt's most well-known pharaohs. In the fifth year of his reign, he changed his name from Amenhotep IV, meaning "Amun is satisfied". He did this because he left Egypt's traditional polytheism. He founded a monotheistic worship of the Egyptian sun god, Aten. He destroyed the temples of Amun. His new religion was called Atenism. It was the first known attempt at monotheism in the world. Naturally, this made enemies of the many priests of the old religion.[2][3]
This culture shift away from traditional religion was not widely accepted. This helps to explain why after his death, his monuments were dismantled, his statues were destroyed, and his name excluded from lists of rulers compiled by later pharaohs.[4] Traditional religious practice was gradually restored, notably under his close successor Tutankhamun, who changed his name from Tutankhaten early in his reign. However, it was Horemheb who destroyed all the works of Akhenaten.
Akhenaten was all but lost to history until the late 19th century discovery of Amarna, the new capital city he built for the worship of Aten.