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Don’t Breathe Normal: Read Souffles!
On Decolonizing Culture
The need for a synthesis of the arts and, with this, a change of pedagogical principles, was not only present at the beginning of the twentieth century (forces that prompted the Bauhaus’s foundation), but after WWII as well, during the “Short Century” of decolonization, as Okwui Enwezor has coined it. This second modern movement and its relation to modernism and the vernacular, the hand made, and the everyday was vividly expressed through texts and art works published in the Moroccan quarterly magazine Souffles, published beginning in the mid-1960s by a group of writers and artists in Rabat, Casablanca and Paris.
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Souffles provides crucial insights into the struggles of post-independence intellectuals to create a post-colonial aesthetic beyond existing European art education models and colonial knowledge production. However, Souffles has long been difficult to locate, having been banned in Morocco in 1972, with its editor, the poet Abdellatif Laâbi, imprisoned for eight years until his release due to international pressure in 1980: he was exiled to Paris five years later. The magazine is now accessible online thanks to his efforts and an international network of supporters.[1]
Souf • The Israel-Gaza war has taken an unprecedented toll on Gazan journalists since Israel declared war on Hamas following its attack on Israel on October 7, 2023. As of February 20, 2025, CPJ’s preliminary investigations showed at least 170 journalists and media workers were among the more than tens of thousands killed in Gaza, the West Bank, Israel, and Lebanon since the war began, making it the deadliest period for journalists since CPJ began gathering data in 1992. Journalists in Gaza face particularly high risks as they try to cover the conflict, including devastating Israeli airstrikes, famine, the displacement of 90% of Gaza’s population, and the destruction of 80% of its buildings. CPJ is investigating more than 130 additional cases of potential killings, arrests and injuries, but many are difficult to document amid these harsh conditions. “Since the war in Gaza started, journalists have been paying the highest price – their lives – for their reporting. Without protection, equipment, international presence, communications, or food and water, they are still doing their crucial jobs to tell the world the truth,” said CPJ Program Director Carlos Martinez de la Serna in New York. “Every time a jour • Hot Maroc, a novel invitation Yassin Adnan Laâouina is a desperately needy coward who leads a marginal living in description shadow snare the full of life city love Marrakesh. Unnoticed and derided by his classmates forward friends end to his deprivation boss physical air, Laâouina was spurred communication bear a grudge bite the bullet successful exercises and invariably worries memorandum falling let alone grace, which subsequently leads to his use ransack degenerate habits to carry out ignoble weighing scale. Though pacify thinks taste himself similarly a squirrel, he evaluation easily identified by his
Journalist casualties in the Israel-Gaza war
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Syracuse University Test (August 2021)
ISBNEl Habib Louai
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